| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Soviet Union (URS) |
50 | 27 | 22 | 99 |
| 2 |  United States (USA) |
33 | 31 | 30 | 94 |
| 3 |  East Germany (GDR) |
20 | 23 | 23 | 66 |
| 4 |  West Germany (FRG) |
13 | 11 | 16 | 40 |
| 5 |  Japan (JPN) |
13 | 8 | 8 | 29 |
| 6 |  Australia (AUS) |
8 | 7 | 2 | 17 |
| 7 |  Poland (POL) |
7 | 5 | 9 | 21 |
| 8 |  Hungary (HUN) |
6 | 13 | 16 | 35 |
| 9 |  Bulgaria (BUL) |
6 | 10 | 5 | 21 |
| 10 |  Italy (ITA) |
5 | 3 | 10 | 18 |
| 11 |  Sweden (SWE) |
4 | 6 | 6 | 16 |
| 12 |  Great Britain (GBR) |
4 | 5 | 9 | 18 |
| 13 |  Romania (ROU) |
3 | 6 | 7 | 16 |
| 14 |  Cuba (CUB) |
3 | 1 | 4 | 8 |
 Finland (FIN) |
3 | 1 | 4 | 8 | |
| 16 |  Netherlands (NED) |
3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 17 |  France (FRA) |
2 | 4 | 7 | 13 |
| 18 |  Czechoslovakia (TCH) |
2 | 4 | 2 | 8 |
| 19 |  Kenya (KEN) |
2 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
| 20 |  Yugoslavia (YUG) |
2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 21 |  Norway (NOR) |
2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 22 |  North Korea (PRK) |
1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| 23 |  New Zealand (NZL) |
1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 24 |  Uganda (UGA) |
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 25 |  Denmark (DEN) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 26 |  Switzerland (SUI) |
0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 27 |  Canada (CAN) |
0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 28 |  Iran (IRI) |
0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 29 |  Belgium (BEL) |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
 Greece (GRE) |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| 31 |  Austria (AUT) |
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
 Colombia (COL) |
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| 33 |  Argentina (ARG) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 South Korea (KOR) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Lebanon (LIB) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Mexico (MEX) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Mongolia (MGL) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Pakistan (PAK) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Tunisia (TUN) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Turkey (TUR) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 41 |  Brazil (BRA) |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
 Ethiopia (ETH) |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| 43 |  Ghana (GHA) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 India (IND) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Jamaica (JAM) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Niger (NIG) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Nigeria (NGR) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Spain (ESP) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |